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_CAPTION:_ TIME-TABLE (CHRONOLOGICAL)

YEAR KEYWORD EVENT

-3500 SUMERIAN CLAY TABLETS Sumerians use cuneiform alphabet, pressed
in clay with a triangular stylus. Clay tablets were dried and/or fired
for longevity. Some even had clay envelopes,' which were also
inscribed. Some people consider them to be the earliest form of the
book.
-2500 WESTERN ASIAN SCROLLS Animal skins are used for scrolls in
Western Asia.
-2400 PAPYRUS Date of the earliest surviving papyrus scroll with
writing.
-1900 HITTITES Hittites, from between 1900 and 1200 BC, left appr.
15,000 clay tablets
-1800 BOOK OF DEAD Book of the Dead, Egypt
-1500 PHAISTOS DISC The 'Phaistos disc', found on the island of Crete
in 1908, was produced by pressing relief-carved symbols into the soft
clay, then baking it. Although it contains the germ of the idea of
printing, it appears to be unique.
-950 LEATHER USED FOR SCROLLS Leather is made and used for scrolls and
writing.
-800 PHOENECIAN WRITING Moabite stone is created with one of the
finest specimens of Phoenician writing. The letters resemble Greek.
-650 PAPER Papyrus. First rolls arrive in Greece from Egypt
-650 PAPYRUS Papyrus. First rolls arrive in Greece from Egypt
-600 WRITING SYSTEM DEVELOPED 6th C. BC General agreement among
Mediterranean cultures on left-to-right writing and reading. Before
that, there was L-R, R-L, top-to-bottom, and boustroph
edonic (back-and-forth). The Hebres kept R-L.
-500 LAO TZE Lao-Tze's lifetime, was said to have been archivist of
the imperial archives
-431 XENOPHON (431-352 BC) author of Anabasis and Memorabilia.
-295 ALEXANDRIA LIBARY King Ptolemy I Soter enlisted the services of
the orator Demetrios Phalereus, a former governor of Athens, and
empowered him to collect, if he could, all the books in the inhabited
world. To support his efforts, the king sent letters to all sovereigns
and governors on earth requesting that the furnish workd by poets and
prose-writers, rhetoricians and sophists, doctors and soothsayers,
historians, and all others too (Flavius Josephus). Agents were sent
out to scout the cities of Asia, North Africa, and Europe. Foreign
vessels calling in at Alexandria were searched routinely for scrolls
and manuscripts. Transcripts were returned in due course, but the
originals remained confiscated in the library. The story of the 47 AD
destruction of the library is only partly true. Some 40,000 of the
700,000 volumes did go up in flames.
-213 CHIN TAIN SHIHUANGTI Chin Tain Shihuangti, emporer of China,
issued an edict that all books should be destroyed (manuscripts on
bamboo)
...