A NEW PARADIGM OF SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT - THE ELECTRIC UNIVERSE

   Article 18 : Implications of the electrical explanation of mass and
   gravity - Part 3

   by Bishop Nicholas Sykes

   It is important to bear in mind that Sir Isaac Newton never published
   any explanation for the transmission of gravity from one mass to
   another, for example from the Sun to the Earth. At the same time,
   Newton vigorously rejected the notion that one body acted "where it
   was not" upon another. We need also to bear in mind that Newton's
   relationships between the force acting upon two bodies and their
   masses involved the distance between them but without any time factor.
   The gravitational force, he found, varied inversely according to the
   square of the distance between the bodies, but the omission of any
   time factor must mean that the force between the bodies acted
   practically instantaneously.

   As we have seen previously (Art 7), if we (with Newton himself) reject
   any notion that gravity acts from one body to another magically, there
   must in fact be some time factor, so that while the gravitational
   influence of one body is conveyed across the intervening distance to
   another in a time so vanishingly small that for purposes of Newton's
   calculations it could be completely ignored, yet we cannot ignore that
   there is in truth a tiny time lag. This tiniest of time lags is so
   small that whereas there is an approximately eight minute lag between
   when light leaves the Sun and when it strikes the Earth, the period of
   time taken by the transmission of gravitational influence from the Sun
   to the Earth is smaller than we can detect. Tom van Flandern
   estimated, on the basis of a number of experiments, that the speed of
   gravity must be at least 2 x 10^10 ( i.e. twenty billion) times the
   speed of light. Richard Feynman's assertion "If the sun is exploding
   `right now', it takes eight minutes before we know about it, and it
   cannot possibly affect us before then" is wrong. It would affect us
   immediately (practically). The Sun would appear (to sensitive
   instruments) to drift away from its regular position in the sky,
   insofar as the Earth was immediately set free from its orbit, and
   tidal changes on Earth would set in right away. It would, however,
   take approximately eight minutes before the Sun's "explosion" (à la
   Feynman) - or dematerialisation - would be visually perceived by us as
   an explosion or disappearance of the Sun.

   Wal Thornhill has proposed (in agreement with earlier physicists) that
   the "aether" that pervades all space is what transmits gravity from
   one body to another, and the same "aether" transmits electromagnetic
   radiation such as light. If it is asked why gravity is much faster
   than light, one answer is to compare the transmission of sound waves
   with ripples on a pond. Sound waves are very much faster than the
   ripples. These are both mechanical wave motions however; whereas
   gravity and light waves are both, according to the Electric Universe
   paradigm, electrical in nature. (It should be noted that behind even
   mechanical force manifestations lies an electrical origin, as we have
   seen in Art. 15 about Inertia and Gravity, but we need not dwell on
   this at this point.) We should note that the mechanically induced
   ripples of a pond - as with the waves of the sea - are transverse in
   orientation: the surface of the pond goes up and down in a dimension
   that is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the ripple. The
   wave motion of sound, however, that is to say its vibrations, is in
   the same dimension as its direction of travel, and so it is called
   longitudinal wave motion.

   The Electric Universe paradigm proposes that the transmission of
   gravitational influence produces longitudinal electrical changes in
   the particles of the intervening medium - the aether - while light,
   and electromagnetic radiation in general, produces transverse changes
   in the aether. In other words, for gravity the electric change vector
   is in the same dimension as the transmission of gravitational
   influence, while for electromagnetic radiation the electric change
   vector and the magnetic change vector are respectively in dimensions
   that are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the radiation.
   When we compare the relationship between the transmission of gravity
   and the transmission of light to the relationship between sound waves
   and ripples or waves, we should note the similarity of the
   relationships. In both cases the slower transmission involves
   transverse wave motion, and the faster transmission involves
   longitudinal changes.

   Thornhill proposes that the "aether" of space consists principally of
   neutrinos. Neutrinos are understood to be fundamental particles of
   vanishingly small mass (much smaller than the mass of an electron) and
   no charge. However, in the Electric Universe paradigm, and following
   the proposal of Ralph Sansbury, all fundamental particles consist of
   subtrons orbiting in a resonant manner that are positively and
   negatively charged, and whose total charges sum to the charge of the
   particle. In the case of the neutrino the positive and negative
   charges of the subtrons sum to zero.

   Neutrinos have vanishingly small mass because, according to EU theory,
   the resonant orbits of their subtrons are extremely difficult to
   distort, and the resulting charge polarisation in a (now electrically
   understood) gravitational field is minimal. This is consistent with
   saying that neutrinos' response to a gravitational field is very
   small. However, to say that it is very small is not to say that it
   does not exist. In a gravitational field, the small polarisation of
   the neutrinos is in the direction of the field. In their role as the
   carriers of electromagnetic radiation including light through space,
   however, the neutrinos' polarisation is perpendicular to the direction
   of travel of the light, and is of an alternating nature. It makes
   sense physically, therefore, that the transmission of light waves
   through space is much slower than the transmission of gravity. It
   takes time for the constantly changing neutrinos' polarisation
   direction to be transmitted via adjacent particles. In the case of
   gravity's longitudinal change (of a direct and not an alternating
   nature), it is transmitted by an almost instantaneously formed
   daisy-chain from one neutrino to another over a long distance. When
   that change alights upon and through particles such as protons,
   neutrons and electrons, because their resonant orbits of subtrons are
   much easier to distort than those of the neutrinos, they immediately
   manifest a degree of mass according to the ease of polarisation that
   they respectively provide.

   The fact that powerful solar flares have been found seemingly to
   affect the mass of the Earth, albeit temporarily, suggests that as an
   electrical property of matter, the mass of an object may not be
   altogether constant but may be subject to variations that old-paradigm
   physics would not allow. This would be consistent with the anomalies
   that have been widely reported in the experimental values of Newton's
   gravitational constant "G". This implies also that our certainties
   regarding planetary and other masses should be re-evaluated.

   For more information on the new paradigm, see 

   www.holoscience.com and www.thunderbolts.info

   Previous articles may be seen at www.churchofenglandcayman.com and
   through the "thunderblog" link in www.thunderbolts.info