A NEW PARADIGM OF SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT - THE ELECTRIC UNIVERSE

   Article 8 : Anomalous Features of the Sun

   by Rev Nicholas Sykes

   In this article I select some anomalies from a long list that Wallace
   Thornhill and David Talbott enumerate in their book The Electric
   Universe in Chapter 3 - Electric Stars. These are all solar features
   that cause problems for mainstream theory but are expected in an
   electrical model. I strongly recommend that those who wish to make
   further study of these matters purchase the book, which can be done
   through the website at the end of the article.

   About their list, the authors note that it includes almost all of the
   prominent attributes of the Sun.

   a. Neutrino Variability. The Sun's emission of neutrinos varies
   inversely with the sunspot cycle - the more sunspots there are, the
   fewer the neutrinos being emitted. In a nuclear furnace model of the
   Sun, the energy of the internal nuclear fusion, where the neutrinos
   would originate and from there be immediately expelled, is supposed to
   take 200,000 years to reach the surface (and only then affect the
   sunspot count). But for the electrical model, the decline of neutrinos
   with increasing sunspot number is expected, because more and larger
   sunspots must mean less "lightning" at the surface, and therefore
   fewer nuclear reactions there.

   b. Solar atmosphere. The 1.4 million kilometre diameter Sun possesses
   strong gravity and its photosphere has a temperature of 5,800 degrees.
   From this we could deduce an atmospheric "skin" of a few thousand
   kilometres thick. However, what is found is that the atmosphere is
   some 100,000 kilometres thick, and at that height it heats up to a
   million degrees or more. This is not the behaviour of a 5,800-degree
   body radiating its own heat into space. However, it is very much the
   expected behaviour of a plasma electric discharge, with the Sun acting
   as an anode.

   c. Differential rotation by latitude. If, as the standard model
   assumes, the solar wind carries rotational energy away from the Sun,
   the Sun should rotate more slowly at its equator than at higher
   latitudes, and, indeed, should have stopped spinning long ago. Yet it
   is observed that the Sun rotates faster at the equator than at higher
   latitudes. As understood by the electric model, however, the rotation
   of the Sun is driven by external electric currents. These couple
   strongly to the lower latitudes and drive the Sun's rotation in a
   similar way to Michael Faraday's homopolar electric motor.

   d. Differential rotation by depth. Observations indicate that the
   surface of the Sun rotates more rapidly than the lower layers. This is
   as much an indication that the rotation of the Sun is driven
   externally as is the differential rotation by latitude.

   e. Sunspots. There is a 22 year magnetic sunspot cycle, that cannot be
   explained by the standard model of the Sun. This cycle includes the
   switching over of the Sun's magnetic field every 11 years. Sunspots
   have a strong magnetic field and tend to draw together while yet
   maintaining individual integrity.

   Kristian Birkeland in the early 1900s demonstrated sunspot-like
   phenomena in his Terrella experiments that involved electric
   discharges from a magnetised sphere. In the electric discharge a
   "doughnut" of circulating charge could be seen around the magnetised
   sphere. If the Sun is viewed by receiving its radiation in the
   ultra-violet part of the spectrum it is also found to feature a hot
   plasma "doughnut" encircling its equator. Excellent views of this
   phenomenon were obtained by NASA's spacecraft "SOHO". In Birkeland's
   laboratory torus experiment, discharges fly from the torus to the mid-
   to low-latitudes of the sphere. At the scale of the Sun, such
   discharges punch holes in the photosphere and deliver current directly
   to the lower depths, thus exposing a view of the cooler interior. Here
   we have an explanation for sunspots. These are not formed by twisting
   magnetic fields popping up through the photosphere, but are found to
   be the footprints of powerful discharges from the encircling plasma
   "doughnut" to lower levels in the Sun's atmosphere.

   In the electric model of the Sun, as has been discussed earlier, there
   is a galactic power input to the Sun: the galactic power is direct
   current (DC) and the solar cycle is due to a varying DC power supply
   to the Sun. Thornhill and Talbott show the solar circuitry seeming to
   behave like a winding on a transformer, which responds to the varying
   DC input current by producing a magnetic field that switches polarity.
   If this is the case, the way the Sun works electrically adheres to
   simple electrical engineering principles.

   Electric currents - from which the Sun and other stars receive their
   power - flow along the spiral arms of galaxies in the form of
   spiralling Birkeland filaments. As such filaments rotate past the
   solar system, the Sun will experience quasi-periodic power
   fluctuations; and this is the origin of the solar cycle.

   With thanks for feedback from A.P. David and Rens VanderSluijs

   For more information on the new paradigm, see www.holoscience.com