http://SaturnianCosmology.Org/ mirrored file For complete access to all the files of this collection see http://SaturnianCosmology.org/search.php ========================================================== Sargon of Akkad /You may be looking for the Assyrian Assyrian *Assyrian* may refer to:in antiquity*ancient Assyria**the Old Assyrian period **the Middle Assyrian period **the Neo-Assyrian period *Assyria , a province of the Achaemenid Empire... kings Sargon I Sargon I *Sargon I* was a king of the old-Assyrian Kingdom and reigned from ca. 1920 BC-1881 BC.... (r. 1920–1881 BC) or Sargon II Sargon II *Sargon II* was an Neo-Assyrian Empiren king. Sargon II became co-regent with Shalmaneser V in 722 BC, and became the sole ruler of the kingdom of Assyria in 722 BC after the death of Shalmaneser V.... (r. 722–705 BC)./ *Sargon of Akkad Akkad The *Akkadian Empire* was an empire centered in the city of *Akkad* Sumerian language: /Agade/ KUR A.GA.D?KI "land of Akkad". ; Biblical /Accad/) and its surrounding region Akkadian URU Akkad KI in central Mesopotamia.... *, also known as *Sargon the Great* (Akkadian Akkadian language *Akkadian* or *Assyrian-Babylonian* is a Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian language, an unrelated language isolate.... /Šarru-kinu/, cuneiform Cuneiform *Cuneiform* can refer to:*Cuneiform script, an ancient writing system originating in Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BC*Cuneiform , three bones in the human foot... ŠAR.RU.KI.IN , meaning "the true king" or "the king is legitimate"), was an Akkadian emperor famous for his conquest of the Sumer Sumer *Sumer* was a civilization and a historical region located in Southern Iraq , known as the Cradle of civilization. It lasted from the first settlement of Eridu in the Ubaid period through the Uruk period and the Dynastic periods until the rise of Babylon in the early 2nd millennium BC.... ian city-states in the 24th and 23rd centuries BC. <#encyclopedia> Discussion Ask a question about '*Sargon of Akkad*' Start a new discussion about '*Sargon of Akkad*' Answer questions from other users Full Discussion Forum Encyclopedia /You may be looking for the Assyrian Assyrian *Assyrian* may refer to:in antiquity*ancient Assyria**the Old Assyrian period **the Middle Assyrian period **the Neo-Assyrian period *Assyria , a province of the Achaemenid Empire... kings Sargon I Sargon I *Sargon I* was a king of the old-Assyrian Kingdom and reigned from ca. 1920 BC-1881 BC.... (r. 1920–1881 BC) or Sargon II Sargon II *Sargon II* was an Neo-Assyrian Empiren king. Sargon II became co-regent with Shalmaneser V in 722 BC, and became the sole ruler of the kingdom of Assyria in 722 BC after the death of Shalmaneser V.... (r. 722–705 BC)./ *Sargon* *Sargon of Akkad Akkad The *Akkadian Empire* was an empire centered in the city of *Akkad* Sumerian language: /Agade/ KUR A.GA.D?KI "land of Akkad". ; Biblical /Accad/) and its surrounding region Akkadian URU Akkad KI in central Mesopotamia.... *, also known as *Sargon the Great* (Akkadian Akkadian language *Akkadian* or *Assyrian-Babylonian* is a Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian language, an unrelated language isolate.... /Šarru-kinu/, cuneiform Cuneiform *Cuneiform* can refer to:*Cuneiform script, an ancient writing system originating in Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BC*Cuneiform , three bones in the human foot... ŠAR.RU.KI.IN , meaning "the true king" or "the king is legitimate"), was an Akkadian emperor famous for his conquest of the Sumer Sumer *Sumer* was a civilization and a historical region located in Southern Iraq , known as the Cradle of civilization. It lasted from the first settlement of Eridu in the Ubaid period through the Uruk period and the Dynastic periods until the rise of Babylon in the early 2nd millennium BC.... ian city-states in the 24th and 23rd centuries BC. The founder of the Dynasty of Akkad, Sargon reigned for 56 years, c. 2270–2215 BCE (short chronology). He became a prominent member of the royal court of Kish Kish (Sumer) *Kish* is modern *Tell al-Uhaymir*, Babil Governorate, Iraq), and was an ancient city of Sumer. Kish is located some 12 km east of Babylon, and 80 km south of Baghdad.... , ultimately overthrowing its king before embarking on the conquest of Mesopotamia Mesopotamia *Mesopotamia* is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran.... . Sargon's vast empire is known to have extended from Elam Elam *Elam* was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran.Elam was centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province , as far as Jiroft in Kerman province and Burned City in Zabol, as well as a small part of southern Iraq.... to the Mediterranean sea, including Mesopotamia, parts of modern-day Iran Iran *Iran* , officially the *Islamic Republic of Iran* and formerly known internationally as *Persian Empire* until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea.... and Syria Syria *Syria* , officially the *Syrian Arab Republic* , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north.... , and possibly parts of Anatolia Anatolia *Anatolia* or *Asia Minor* is a region of Western Asia, comprising most of the modern Republic of Turkey. It is a geographic region bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Caucasus to the northeast, the Aegean Sea to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Iranian plateau to the east and southeast.... and the Arabian peninsula Arabian Peninsula The *Arabian Peninsula* , Arabia, Arabistan, and the Arabian subcontinent is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia. The area is an important part of the Middle East and plays a critically important geopolitics role because of its vast reserves of petroleum and natural gas.... . He ruled from a new capital, Akkad (Agade), which the Sumerian king list Sumerian king list The *Sumerian King List* is an ancient text in the Sumerian language that lists monarch of Sumer from Sumerian and foreign dynasties. It records the location of "official" kingship, along with the rulers and the lengths of their rule.... claims he built (or possibly renovated), on the left bank of the Euphrates Euphrates The *Euphrates* is the western of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia which flows from Anatolia.... . Sargon is regarded as one of the first individuals in recorded history to create a multiethnic, centrally ruled empire Empire *Empire* derives from the Latin word *imperium*, denoting ?military command? in Roman. Politically, an empire is a geographically extensive group of states and peoples united and ruled either by a monarch or an oligarchy.... , and his dynasty controlled Mesopotamia for around a century and a half. Origins and rise to power The story of Sargon's birth and childhood is given in the "Sargon legend", a Sumerian Sumerian language *Sumerian* was the language of ancient Sumer, spoken in Southern Mesopotamia since at least the 4th millennium BC. It was gradually replaced by Akkadian language as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC , but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia... text purporting to be Sargon's biography. The extant versions are incomplete, but the surviving fragments name Sargon's father as La'ibum La'ibum *La'ibum* is mentioned in the Sumerian language "Sargon legend" as the father of Sargon of Akkad. No details about his life or historiocity are known.... . After a lacuna Lacuna (manuscripts) A *lacuna* is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work.The state of old manuscripts or inscriptions which have weathered or been damaged sometimes gives rise to lacunae ? passages consisting of a word or words that are missing or illegible.... , the text skips to Ur-Zababa Ur-Zababa *Ur-Zababa* is listed on the Sumerian king list as the second king in the 4th Dynasty of Kish, the son of Puzur-Suen and the grandson of Kug-Bau. The king list also says Sargon of Akkad was a cup-bearer for Ur-Zababa before becoming king of Akkad.... , king of Kish, who awakens after a dream, the contents of which are not revealed on the surviving portion of the tablet. For unknown reasons, Ur-Zababa appoints Sargon as his cupbearer. Soon after this, Ur-Zababa invites Sargon to his chambers to discuss a dream of Sargon's, involving the favor of the goddess Inanna Inanna *Inanna* ; ) is the Sumerian goddess of sexual love, fertility, and warfare.Alternative Sumerian names include /Innin/, /Ennin/, /Ninnin/, /Ninni/, /Ninanna/, /Ninnar/, /Innina/, /Ennina/, /Irnina/, /Innini/, /Nana/ and /Nin/, commonly derived from an earlier /Nin-ana/ "lady of the sky", although Gelb presented th... and the drowning of Ur-Zababa by the goddess. Deeply frightened, Ur-Zababa orders Sargon murdered by the hands of Beliš-tikal, the chief smith, but Inanna prevents it, demanding that Sargon stop at the gates because of his being "polluted with blood." When Sargon returns to Ur-Zababa, the king becomes frightened again, and decides to send Sargon to king Lugal-zage-si Lugal-Zage-Si *Lugal-Zage-Si* of Umma was the last Sumerian king before the conquest of Sumer by Sargon of Akkad and the rise of the Akkadian Empire, and was considered as the only king of the third dynasty of Uruk.... of Uruk Uruk *Uruk* , from the Akkadian rendering of the Sumerian toponym 'unug', is modern *Warka* , Iraq. Uruk was an ancient city of Sumer and later Babylonia, situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the ancient /Nil/ canal, some 30 km east of As-Samawah, Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq.... with a message on a clay tablet asking him to slay Sargon. The legend breaks off at this point; presumably, the missing sections described how Sargon becomes king. The Sumerian king list Sumerian king list The *Sumerian King List* is an ancient text in the Sumerian language that lists monarch of Sumer from Sumerian and foreign dynasties. It records the location of "official" kingship, along with the rulers and the lengths of their rule.... relates: "In Agade [Akkad], Sargon, whose father was a gardener, the cupbearer of Ur-Zababa, became king, the king of Agade, who built Agade; he ruled for 56 years." The claim that Sargon was the original founder of Akkad has come into question in recent years, with the discovery of an inscription mentioning the place and dated to the first year of Enshakushanna Enshakushanna *Enshakushanna* was a king of Uruk sometime in the later 3rd millennium BC who is named on the Sumerian king list, which states his reign to have been 60 years.... , who almost certainly preceded him. This claim of the king list had been the basis for earlier speculation by a number of scholars that Sargon was an inspiration for the Biblical figure of Nimrod Nimrod *Nimrod * means "Hunter"; was a Biblical Mesopotamian king mentioned in the Table of Nations. The term Nimrod when vague or general is applied to the means of /hunter/, normally to a person.... . The so-called /Weidner Chronicle/ states that it was Sargon who built Babylon Babylon *Babylon* was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes considered an empire, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad.... "in front of Akkad." The /Chronicle of Early Kings/ likewise states that late in his reign, Sargon "dug up the soil of the pit of Babylon, and made a counterpart of Babylon next to Agade." A Neo-Assyrian text from the seventh century BC purporting to be Sargon's autobiography asserts that the great king was the illegitimate son of a priestess. In the Neo-Assyrian account Sargon's birth and his early childhood are described thus: The image of Sargon as a castaway set adrift on a river resembles the better-known birth narrative of Moses Moses *Moses* is a Hebrew Bible Hebrews religious leader, lawgiver, prophet, to whom the Mosaic authorship of the Torah is traditionally attributed. Also called /Moshe Rabbeinu/ in Hebrew , he is the most important prophet in Judaism, and also an important prophet of Christianity, Islam, the Bah?'? Faith, Rastafari movement, Chrislam and many ot... . Scholars such as Joseph Campbell Joseph Campbell *Joseph John Campbell* was an United States mythologist, writer, and lecturer best known for his work in the fields of comparative mythology and comparative religion.... and Otto Rank Otto Rank *Otto Rank* was an Austrian psychoanalyst, writer, teacher and therapist. Born in Vienna as *Otto Rosenfeld*, he was one of Sigmund Freud's closest colleagues for 20 years, a prolific writer on psychoanalytic themes, an editor of the two most important analytic journals, managing director of Freud's publishing house and a creative theorist... have compared the 7th century BC Sargon account with the obscure births of other heroic figures from history and mythology, including Karna Karna *Karna* is one of the central characters of the Mahabharata. He was born to Kunti, much before her marriage with Pandu. He is described a close friend of Duryodhana.... , Oedipus Oedipus *Oedipus* was a Greek mythology monarch of Thebes, Greece. He fulfilled a prophecy that said he would kill his father and marry his mother, and thus brought disaster on his city and family.... , Paris Paris (mythology) *Paris* , the son of Priam, king of Troy, appears in a number of Greek mythology. Probably the best-known was his elopement with Helen, queen of Sparta, this being one of the immediate causes of the Trojan War.... , Telephus Telephus A Greek mythology, *Telephus* or *Telephos* was one of the Heraclidae, the sons of Heracles, who were venerated as founders of cities. Telephos was by far the most famous of these heroes, and the various sites at which libations were offered to placate his spirit occasioned etiology of travels around the Greek mainland, in Magna Graecia a... , Semiramis Semiramis *Semiramis* was a legendary Assyrian queen, also known as *Semiramide*, *Semiramida*, or *Shamiram* in Aramaic.Many legends have accumulated around her personality.... , Perseus Perseus *Perseus* , the legendary founder of Mycenae and of the Mycenae there, was the first of the mythic heroes of Greek mythology whose exploits in defeating various archaic monsters provided the founding myths in the cult of the Twelve Olympians.... , Romulus Romulus *Romulus* may refer to any of these articles:... , Gilgamesh Gilgamesh *Gilgamesh* also known as Bilgames in the earliest text , was the son of Lugalbanda and the fifth king of Uruk , ruling circa 2700 BC, according to the Sumerian king list.... , Cyrus, Jesus Jesus *Jesus of Nazareth* , also known as *Jesus Christ*, is the central figure of Christianity and is revered by most Christian churches as the Son of God and the Incarnation .... , and others. Formation of the Akkadian Empire After coming to power in Kish, Sargon soon attacked Uruk, which was ruled by Lugal-Zage-Si Lugal-Zage-Si *Lugal-Zage-Si* of Umma was the last Sumerian king before the conquest of Sumer by Sargon of Akkad and the rise of the Akkadian Empire, and was considered as the only king of the third dynasty of Uruk.... of Umma Umma *Umma* was an ancient city in Sumer.... . He captured Uruk and dismantled its famous walls. The defenders seem to have fled the city, joining an army led by fifty ensis Ensi *Ensi* can refer to:*a Mesopotamian royal title in various Babylonian city states, see ENSI.*an abbreviation of Ensign*/ens?/, the Old High German for a pagan deity, see ?ss... from the provinces. This Sumerian force fought two pitched battles against the Akkadians, as a result of which the remaining forces of Lugal-Zage-Si were routed. Lugal-Zage-Si himself was captured and brought to Nippur; Sargon inscribed on the pedestal of statue (preserved in a later tablet) that he brought Lugal-Zage-Si "in a dog collar to the gate of Enlil." Sargon pursued his enemies to Ur before moving eastwards to Lagash, to the Persian Gulf Persian Gulf The *Persian Gulf*, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes Persian Gulf naming dispute referred to as the /Arabian Gulf/ by certain Arab countries or simply /The Gulf/, although nei... , and thence to Umma. He made a symbolic gesture of washing his weapons in the "lower sea" (Persian Gulf) to show that he had conquered Sumer in its entirety. Another victory Sargon celebrated was over Kashtubila, king of Kazalla Kazalla *Kazalla* is the name given in Akkadian language sources to a possibly-legendary city in the ancient Near East. Under its king Kashtubila, Kazalla warred against Sargon of Akkad in the 24th or 23rd century BCE.... . According to one ancient source, Sargon laid the city of Kazalla to waste so effectively "that the birds could not find a place to perch away from the ground." To help limit the chance of revolt in Sumer Sumer *Sumer* was a civilization and a historical region located in Southern Iraq , known as the Cradle of civilization. It lasted from the first settlement of Eridu in the Ubaid period through the Uruk period and the Dynastic periods until the rise of Babylon in the early 2nd millennium BC.... he appointed a court of 5,400 men to "share his table" (i.e., to administer his empire). These 5,400 men may have constituted Sargon's army. The governors chosen by Sargon to administer the main city-states of Sumer were Akkadians, not Sumerians. The Semitic Semitic languages File:Amarna Akkadian letter.pngThe *Semitic languages* are a group of related languages whose living representatives are spoken by more than 467 million people across much of the Middle East, North Africa and the Horn of Africa.... Akkadian language Akkadian language *Akkadian* or *Assyrian-Babylonian* is a Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian language, an unrelated language isolate.... became the /lingua franca/, the official language of inscriptions in all Mesopotamia Mesopotamia *Mesopotamia* is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran.... , and of great influence far beyond. Sargon's empire maintained trade and diplomatic contacts with kingdoms around the Arabian Sea Arabian Sea The *Arabian Sea* is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui, the north-east point of Somalia, Socotra, Kanyakumari in India, and the western coast of Sri Lanka.... and elsewhere in the Near East. Sargon's inscriptions report that ships from Magan Magan *Magan* was an ancient region which was referred to in Sumerian cuneiform texts of around 2300 BC as a source of copper and diorite for Mesopotamia.... , Meluhha Meluhha is the Sumerian language name of a prominent trading partner of Sumer during the Middle Bronze Age. Its identification remains an open question.... , and Dilmun Dilmun *Dilmun* is a land mentioned by Mesopotamia as a trade partner, source of raw material, copper, and entrepot of the Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley Civilization trade route.... , among other places, rode at anchor in his capital of Agade. The former religious institutions of Sumer, already well-known and emulated by the Semites, were respected. Sumerian remained, in large part, the language of religion and Sargon and his successors were patrons of the Sumerian cults. Enheduanna Enheduanna *Enheduanna* was an Akkadian princess as well as high priestess of the moon god Nanna in Ur, who came to honor Inanna above all the other gods of the Sumerian pantheon and assisted in the merging of the Akkadian Ishtar with the Sumerian Inanna.... , the author of several Akkadian hymn Hymn A *hymn* is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of praise, adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity/deities, a prominent figure or an epic tale.... s who is identified as Sargon's daughter, was made priestess of Nanna Nanna *Nanna* may refer to:* Sin , god of the moon in Sumerian mythology* Nanna , god of the moon in Tamil Nadu mythology* Nanna , the wife of Baldr in Norse mythology... , the moon-god of Ur. Sargon styled himself "anointed priest of Anu" and "great /ensi/ of Enlil Enlil *Enlil* , was the name of a chief deity listed and written about in ancient Sumerian, Akkadian, Hittite, Canaanite and other Mesopotamian clay and stone tablets.... ". Wars in the northwest and east Shortly after securing Sumer, Sargon embarked on a series of campaigns to subjugate the entire Fertile Crescent Fertile Crescent The *Fertile Crescent* is a region in the Near East, incorporating the Levant and Mesopotamia, and often extended to Lower Egypt. Mesopotamia is considered the Cradle of civilization and saw the development of the earliest human civilizations and is the History_of_writing#Bronze_Age_writing and Wheel#History.... . According to the /Chronicle of Early Kings Babylonian Chronicles The *Babylonian Chronicles* are series of tablets recording major events in Babylon history. They are thus one of the first steps in the development of ancient historiography.... /, a later Babylonian historiographical text: Sargon captured Mari Mari, Syria *Mari* was an ancient Sumerian and Amorite city, located 11 kilometers north-west of the modern town of Abu Kamal on the western bank of Euphrates river, some 120 km southeast of Deir ez-Zor, Syria.... , Yarmuti, and Ebla Ebla *Ebla* was an ancient city about southwest of Aleppo. It was an important city-state in two periods, first in the late 3rd millennium BC, then again between 1800 BC and 1650 BC.... as far as the Cedar Forest Lebanon *Lebanon* , officially the *Republic of Lebanon* or *Lebanese Republic* , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea.... (Amanus) and the silver mountain (Taurus Taurus Mountains *Taurus Mountains* are a mountain range in southern Turkey, from which the Euphrates and Tigris descend into Syria and Iraq. It divides the Mediterranean Region, Turkey of southern Turkey from the central Anatolia#Anatolian plateau.... ). The Akkadian Empire secured trade routes and supplies of wood and precious metals could be safely and freely floated down the Euphrates Euphrates The *Euphrates* is the western of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia which flows from Anatolia.... to Akkad. In the east, Sargon defeated an invasion by the four leaders of Elam Elam *Elam* was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran.Elam was centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province , as far as Jiroft in Kerman province and Burned City in Zabol, as well as a small part of southern Iraq.... , led by the king of Awan Awan dynasty The *Awan Dynasty* was the first dynasty of Elam, founded by king Peli at the dawn of history. It must have been an important influence on Sumer from the earliest times, for their conflicts with Mesopotamia begin with Enmebaragesi of Kish , who defeated them, as did another Sumerian king, Eannatum I of Lagash.... . Their cities were sacked; the governors, viceroys and kings of Susa Susa *Susa* was an ancient city of the Elamite, Persian Empire and Parthian empires of Iran, located about 250 km east of the Tigris River.The modern town of Shush, Iran is located at the site of ancient Susa.... , Barhashe Marhasi *Marha?i* was a 3rd millennium BC polity situated east of Elam, on the Iranian plateau. It is known from Mesopotamian sources, and its precise location has not been identified.... , and neighboring districts became vassals of Akkad, and the Akkadian language Akkadian language *Akkadian* or *Assyrian-Babylonian* is a Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian language, an unrelated language isolate.... made the official language of international discourse. During Sargon's reign, Akkadian was standardized and adapted for use with the cuneiform script Cuneiform script *Cuneiform script* is one of the earliest known forms of writing system. Emerging in Sumer around the 30th century BC, with predecessors reaching into the late 4th millennium , cuneiform writing began as a system of pictography.... previously used in the Sumerian language Sumerian language *Sumerian* was the language of ancient Sumer, spoken in Southern Mesopotamia since at least the 4th millennium BC. It was gradually replaced by Akkadian language as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC , but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia... . A style of calligraphy Calligraphy *Calligraphy* is the art of writing . A contemporary definition of calligraphic practice is "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious and skillful manner" .... developed in which text on clay tablets and cylinder seals was arranged amidst scenes of mythology and ritual. Later reign The text known as /Epic of the King of the Battle/ depicts Sargon advancing deep into the heart of Anatolia Anatolia *Anatolia* or *Asia Minor* is a region of Western Asia, comprising most of the modern Republic of Turkey. It is a geographic region bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Caucasus to the northeast, the Aegean Sea to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Iranian plateau to the east and southeast.... to protect Akkadian and other Mesopotamian merchants from the exactions of the King of Burushanda (Purshahanda). The same text mentions that Sargon crossed the Sea of the West (Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea The *Mediterranean Sea* is a sea or Ocean off the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia.... ) and ended up in Kuppara. Famine and war threatened Sargon's empire during the latter years of his reign. The /Chronicle of Early Kings/ reports that revolts broke out throughout the area under the last years of his overlordship: Later literature proposes that the rebellions and other troubles of Sargon's latter reign were the result of sacrilegious acts committed by the king. Modern consensus is that the veracity of these claims are impossible to determine, as disasters were virtually always attributed to sacrilege inspiring divine wrath, in ancient Mesopotamian literature. Legacy Stele Naram Sim Louvre Sb4 Sargon died, according to the short chronology, around 2215 BC. His empire immediately revolted upon hearing of the king's death. Most of the revolts were put down by his son and successor Rimush Rimush *Rimush* is the name of two Mesopotamian monarch:* Rimush , king of the Akkadian Empire* Rimush , king of Assyria, the successor of Mut-Ashkur in 1720 B.C.E.... , who reigned for nine years and was followed by another of Sargon's sons, Manishtushu Manishtushu *Manishtushu* was a king of the Akkadian Empire from 2276 to 2261 BCE.He was the son of Sargon of Akkad and the father of Naram-sin. He was preceded by his younger brother Rimush , was assassinated by his own court, and was succeeded by Naram-sin.... (who reigned for 15 years). Sargon was regarded as a model by Mesopotamian kings for some two millennia after his death. The Assyrian and Babylonian kings who based their empires in Mesopotamia saw themselves as the heirs of Sargon's empire. Kings such as Nabonidus Nabonidus *Nabonidus* was the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, reigning from 556-539 BCE.... (r. 556–539 BC) showed great interest in the history of the Sargonid dynasty, and even conducted excavations of Sargon's palaces and those of his successors. Indeed, such later rulers may have been inspired by the king's conquests to embark on their own campaigns throughout the Middle East. The Neo-Assyrian Sargon text challenges his successors thus: Another source attributed to Sargon the challenge "now, any king who wants to call himself my equal, wherever I went [conquered], let him go." Stories of Sargon's power and that of his empire may have influenced the body of folklore that was later incorporated into the Bible Bible The *Bible* is the central religious text of Judaism and Christianity. The exact Books of the Bible is dependent on the religious traditions of specific denominations.... . A number of scholars have speculated that Sargon may have been the inspiration for the biblical figure of Nimrod Nimrod *Nimrod * means "Hunter"; was a Biblical Mesopotamian king mentioned in the Table of Nations. The term Nimrod when vague or general is applied to the means of /hunter/, normally to a person.... , who figures prominently in the Book of Genesis as well as in midrash Midrash *Midrash* is a Hebrew language term referring to the not exact, but comparative method of exegesis of Biblical texts, which is one of four methods cumulatively called Pardes .... ic and Talmud Talmud The *Talmud* is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Halakha, Jewish ethics, customs, and history. It is a central text of mainstream Judaism.... ic literature. The Bible mentions Akkad as being one of the first city-states of Nimrod's kingdom, but does not explicitly state that he built it. Family The name of Sargon's primary wife Tashlultum Tashlultum *Tashultum* was the wife of Sargon of Akkad and the mother of his children Enheduanna, Rimush , Manishtushu, Ibarum and Abaish-Takal.... and those of a number of his children are known to us. His daughter Enheduanna Enheduanna *Enheduanna* was an Akkadian princess as well as high priestess of the moon god Nanna in Ur, who came to honor Inanna above all the other gods of the Sumerian pantheon and assisted in the merging of the Akkadian Ishtar with the Sumerian Inanna.... , who flourished during the late 24th and early 23rd centuries BC, was a priestess who composed ritual hymns. Many of her works, including her /Exaltation of Inanna Inanna *Inanna* ; ) is the Sumerian goddess of sexual love, fertility, and warfare.Alternative Sumerian names include /Innin/, /Ennin/, /Ninnin/, /Ninni/, /Ninanna/, /Ninnar/, /Innina/, /Ennina/, /Irnina/, /Innini/, /Nana/ and /Nin/, commonly derived from an earlier /Nin-ana/ "lady of the sky", although Gelb presented th... /, were in use for centuries thereafter. Sargon was succeeded by his son, Rimush; after Rimush's death another son, Manishtushu Manishtushu *Manishtushu* was a king of the Akkadian Empire from 2276 to 2261 BCE.He was the son of Sargon of Akkad and the father of Naram-sin. He was preceded by his younger brother Rimush , was assassinated by his own court, and was succeeded by Naram-sin.... , became king. Two other sons, Shu-Enlil Shu-Enlil *Shu-Enlil* was a son of Sargon the Great, first ruler of the Akkadian Empire. He lived in the late 24th and early 23rd centuries BCE.... (Ibarum) and Ilaba'is-takal Ilaba'is-takal *Ilaba'is-takal* was a son of Sargon the Great, first ruler of the Akkadian Empire. He lived in the late 24th and early 23rd centuries BCE.... (Abaish-Takal), are known. See also * History of Sumer History of Sumer The *history of Sumer*, taken to include the prehistoric Ubaid period and Uruk period periods, spans the 5th to 3rd millennia BC, ending with the downfall of the Third Dynasty of Ur around 2004 BC, followed by a transition period of Amorite states before the rise of Babylonia in the 18th century BC.... * Lugal Lugal *Lugal* , Sumerian language for leader from L?.GAL "man, big" was one of several Sumerian titles that a ruler of a city-state could bear , and eventually became the predominant Sumerian term for a king in general.... * Mesopotamia Mesopotamia *Mesopotamia* is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran.... External links * Neo-Assyrian Sargon legend * Black, J.A., Cunningham, G., Fluckiger-Hawker, E, Robson, E., and Zólyomi, G., 'The Sargon legend: t.. (*) * 'Sargon did he exist?' * Sargon and the Vanishing Sumerians * Lexicorient article on Sargon The source of this article is Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL . AbsoluteAstronomy.com © 2009. All Rights Reserved. About | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Contact