mirrored file at http://SaturnianCosmology.Org/ For complete access to all the files of this collection see http://SaturnianCosmology.org/search.php ========================================================== Impact Sites - References (R-Z) Steven Dutch, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay First-time Visitors: Please visit Site Map and Disclaimer <../sitemap.htm>. Use "Back" to return here. Notes In organizing the list here, I have followed the following principles: * I have tried to find comprehensive, easily available references wherever possible. * /Some/ documentation is better than /no/ documentation; if there's no easily available reference, I listed whatever seemed to be the best documentation available. I've tried to use sources widely available in the U.S., but if the best source is Australian, Finnish or Russian, that's what is listed. * I used non-English references only when there did not seem to be any good references in English. * On the other hand, some places like Sudbury have staggeringly large bodies of literature. This list does not attempt to be comprehensive. * I listed only references that seemed likely to lead to additional sources. For this reason, abstracts were not cited. All an abstract will tell you is that somebody believes a site is an impact crater, and you already know that from seeing it listed here. * For some recent additions I do not yet have geographic and age data. *Where do I find this stuff?* Public libraries almost never will have any of these references. Most colleges and universities that have a geology program will carry /Geology>/ and other common publications. For the more obscure publications you may have to try a very large university or resort to inter-library loan, or in extreme cases write to the authors or publishers. Welcome to my world. Unless meteoritic fragments heve been found at a site, almost every large impact site has been claimed to be of terrestrial rather than extraterrestrial origin. Even meteorites aren't always enough; for years some geologists argued that Meteor Crater was a volcanic crater and the meteorites nearby were just a coincidence. See the references for Upheaval Dome for both sides of an ongoing controversy. Some early references date from before the recognition of certain sites as impact craters, and though the geology may be described accurately, it may not always be interpreted in terms of impact. No two lists of sites are exactly alike. Meteorite fragments are conclusive but found only at small, recent craters. Shock metamorphism, especially high-pressure minerals like diamond or coesite, and shatter cones are widely regarded as conclusive. Structural disturbance of the rocks, circularity, and so on are suggestive but not conclusive. Sites reported as impact sites in reputable current scientific literature are included, but some might be controversial and could eventually turn out not to be of impact origin (again, see Upheaval Dome). Older lists should be taken with a grain of salt since they were compiled when our understanding of impact was a lot less and can include sites no longer considered to be impact sites. Foreign names are often rendered in different ways and a few entries have different spellings that may or may not refer to two different sites. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Ragozinka* Russia Lat. 58.30; Long: 62.00; Diam. (km): 9 Age (My): 55 +/- 5 Lagutenko, V. N.; Kazachikhin, V. A.; Kogan, Ye. M.; Sukhozhak, R. P. ; The Rogozinskiy Astrobleme in the Middle Urals; International Geology Review, v. 28n. 6, p. 647-650, 1986 *Red Wing Creek* North Dakota, USA Lat. 47.60; Long: -103.55; Diam. (km): 9; Age (My): 200 +/- 25 *Parson, Elmer S.; Henderson, Gordon W.; Conti, Louis J. *; Red Wing Creek Field; field; cosmic impact structure; American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States; AAPG Bulletin, v. 59n. 11 Part 1, , p. 2197, AAPG distinguished lecturers; 1975 *Riachao Ring *Maranhao, Brazil Lat. -7.72; Long: -46.65; Diam. (km): 4.5; Age (My): 200 +/- *McHone, J. F.*; Riachao Ring, Brazil; a possible meteorite crater discovered by the Apollo astronauts in : El-Baz, Farouk; Warner, D. M. (editors), Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, summary science report; Volume II, Earth observations and photography, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Special Publication, n. SP-412, p. 193-202 *Ries *Bavaria, Germany Lat. 48.88; Long: 10.62; Diam. (km): 24; Age (My): 14.8 +/- 1 *E. M. Shoemaker and E. C. T. Chao,* 1961; New evidence for the impact origin of the Ries Basin, Bavaria, Germany, JGR v. 66, p. 3371-3378. *Horn, Peter *; The Ries Kessel, Germany; An Example of Meteorite Impact as a Terrestrial Geological Process; Geoforum, v. 12, p. 91-95; 1972 *Dennis, John G. *; Ries structure, southern Germany, a review; Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76n. 23, p. 5394-5406; 1971 *Rio Cuarto *Argentina Lat. -30.87; Long: -64.23; Diam. (km): 4.5; Age (My): 0.1 +/- *Schultz, Peter H.; Koeberl, Christian; Bunch, Theodore; Grant, John; Collins, William*; Ground truth for oblique impact processes; new insight from the Rio Cuarto, Argentina, crater field, Geology (Boulder), v. 22n. 10, p. 889-892, 1994 *Rochechouart *France Lat. 45.83; Long: 0.93; Diam. (km): 23 Age (My): 186 +/- 8 *Kraut, Francois; French, Bevan M.* ; The Rochechouart meteorite impact structure, France; preliminary geological results; Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76n. 23, p. 5407-5413; 1971 *Kraut, Francois; French, Bevan M.* ; The Rochechouart impact structure, France; Meteoritics, v. 5n. 4, p. 206-207; 1970 *Roter Kamm *Namibia Lat. -27.77; Long: 16.30; Diam. (km): 2.5; Age (My): 5 +/- 0.3 *Brandt, Dion; Reimold, Wolf Uwe; Franzsen, Alan J.; Koeberl, Christian; Wendorff, Lutz *; Geophysical profile of the Roter Kamm impact crater, Namibia; Meteoritics & Planetary Science, v. 33n. 3, p. 447-453; 1998 *Fudali, R. F.* ; Roter Kamm; evidence for an impact origin; Meteoritics, v. 8n. 3, p. 245-257; 1973 *Rotmistrovka *Ukraine Lat. 49.00; Long: 32.00; Diam. (km): 2.7; Age (My): 140 +/- 20 *Raykhlin, A. I.*; Geologiya astroblem SSSR; Mezozoyskiye astroblemy; Rotmistrovskaya astroblema (The geology of astroblemes in the USSR; Mesozoic astroblemes; the Rotmistrovskaya astrobleme) in: Masaytis, V. L.; Danilin, A. N.; Mashchak, M. S.; Raykhlin, A. I.; Selivanovskaya, T. V.; Shadenkov, Ye. M. (editors), Geologiya astroblem (The geology of astroblemes), Izdatel'stvo Nedra, Leningrad, USSR p. 76-78, 1980 *Saaksjarvi* Finland Lat. 61.40; Long: 22.40; Diam. (km): 5 Age (My): 514 +/- 12 *Kinnunen, Kari A.; Lindqvist, Kristian*; Agate as an indicator of impact structures; an example from Saaksjarvi, Finland, Meteoritics & Planetary Science, v. 33n. 1, p. 7-12, 1998 *Elo, S.; Kivekas, L.; Kujala, H.; Lahti, S. I.; Pihlaja, P.*; Recent studies of the Lake Saaksjarvi meteorite impact crater, southwestern Finland in: Pesonen, L. J.; Henkel, H. (editors), Terrestrial impact craters and craterform structures with a special focus on Fennoscandia, Tectonophysics, v. 216n. 1-2, p. 163-167 *Mueller, Norbert; Hartung, Jack B.; Jessberger, Elmar K.; Reimold, Wolf Uwe*; Ar- 40 Ar-39 ages of Dellen, Janisjarvi, and Saaksjarvi impact craters; Meteoritics, v. 25n. 1, p. 1-10, 1990 *Saint Martin* Manitoba, Canada Lat. 51.78; Long: -98.53 Diam. (km): 40; Age (My): 220 +/- 32 *Coles, R. L.; Clark, J. F.* ; Lake St. Martin impact structure, Manitoba, Canada; magnetic anomalies and magnetizations; Journal of Geophysical Research. B, v. 87n. 8, p. 7087-7095, 1982 *Serpent Mound *Ohio, USA Lat. 39.03; Long: -83.40; Diam. (km): 6.4; Age (My): 320 +/- *Carlton, Richard W.; Koeberl, Christian; Baranoski, Mark T.; Schumacher, Gregory A.*; Discovery of microscopic evidence for shock metamorphism at the Serpent Mound structure, south-central Ohio; confirmation of an origin by impact, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 162n. 1-4, p. 177-185, 1998 *Koucky, Frank L.; Reidel, Stephen P.*; The Serpent Mound disturbance, south-central Ohio, in: Biggs, Donald L. (editor), North-central section of the Geological Society of America, Centennial field guide, v. 3, p. 431-436, 1987 *Serra Da Cangalha* Brazil Lat. -8.08; Long: -46.87; Diam. (km): 12 Age (My): 300 +/- *Shunak* Kazakhstan Lat. 47.20; Long: 72.70; Diam. (km): 3.1 Age (My): 12 +/- 5 *Khryanina, L. P.; Zeylik, B. S.*; Geologicheskoye stroyeniye kratera Shunak (Pribalkhash'ye) i priznaki meteoritnogo udara v nem (Geological structure of the Shunak Crater and evidence of meteorite impact), Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, USSR, Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriya Geologicheskaya, v. 1980n. 3, p. 124-134, 1980 *Fel'dman, V. I.; Granovskiy, L. B.; Dabizha, A. I.*; Meteoritnyy krater Shunak (The Shunak meteorite crater), in: Marakusheva, A. A. (editor), Impaktity (Impactites), Izdatel'stvo Moskovskoi Universiteta, Moscow, USSR, p. 56-69, 1981 *Vasil'yev, I. V.; Klyushkin, V. V.; Panova, L. A.; Tolstikova, N. V.*; Novyye dannyye po stratigrafii miotsena kol'tsevoy morfostruktury massiva Shunak (Tsentral'nyy Kazakhstan) (New data on the Miocene stratigraphy of the ring morphostructure of the Shunak Massif; central Kazakhstan), Izdatel'stvo Nedra, Moscow, USSR, Sovetskaya Geologiya, v. 9, p. 68-73, 1980 *Fel'dman, V. I.; Dabizha, A. I.; Granovskiy, L. B.*; Meteoritnyy krater Shunak (The Shunak meteor crater), Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, USSR, Meteoritika, n. 38, p. 99-103, 1979 *Sierra Madera* Texas, USA Lat. 30.60; Long: -102.92 Diam. (km): 13; Age (My): 100 +/- *Howard, Keith A.; Offield, Terry W.; Wilshire, H. G.* ; Structure of Sierra Madera, Texas, as a Guide to Central Peaks of Lunar Craters; Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83n. 9, p. 2795-2808; 1972 *Wilshire, H. G., Offield, T. W., Howard, K. A. and Cummings, D.*, 1972; Geology of the Sierra Madera cryptoexplosion structure, Pecos County, Texas, USGS PP 599-H, p. H1-42. *Sikhote Alin*Russia Lat. 46.12; Long: 134.67; Diam. (km):0.027; Age (My): 0 +/- *Siljan* Sweden Lat. 61.03; Long: 14.87; Diam. (km): 55; Age (My): 368 +/- 1.1 Collini, B. ; Geological setting of the Siljan Ring structure in: Boden, Anders; Eriksson, K. Goesta (editors); Deep drilling in crystalline bedrock; Volume 1, The deep gas drilling in the Siljan impact structure, Sweden and astroblemes, proceedings of the international symposium, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany; v. 1, p. 349-354, 1988 *Slate Islands* Ontario, Canada Lat. 48.67; Long: -87.00 Diam. (km): 30; Age (My): 350 +/- *Halls, H. C.; Grieve, R. A. F.* ; The Slate Islands; a probable complex meteorite impact structure in Lake Superior; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 13n. 9, p. 1301-1309; 1976 Sharpton, Virgil L.; Dressler, Burkhard O.; Herrick, Robert R.; Schnieders, Bernie; Scott, John; New constraints on the Slate Islands impact structure, Ontario, Canada; Geology (Boulder), v. 24n. 9, p. 851-854, 1996 *Sobolev *Russia Lat. 46.30; Long: 138.87; Diam. (km):0.053; Age (My): 0 +/- *Soderfjarden* Finland Lat. 63.00; Long: 21.58; Diam. (km): 6; Age (My): 550 +/- *Lehtovaara, J. J.*; Soderfjarden: a Cambrian impact crater in western Finland.; Tectonophysics., Volume 216, Number 1-2, p.157, December 30 1992 *Lehtovaara, Jyrki J.; Soderfjarden*; a Cambrian impact crater in western Finland, in: Pesonen, L. J.; Henkel, H. (editors), Terrestrial impact craters and craterform structures with a special focus on Fennoscandia, Tectonophysics, v. 216n. 1-2, p. 157-161, 1992 *Lauren, L.; Lehtovaara, J.; Bostrom, R.*; On the geology of the circular depression at Soderfjarden, western Finland, Geologian Tutkimuskeskus, Espoo, Finland, Bulletin - Geological Survey of Finland, n. 297, p. 5-38, 1978 *Spider *Western Australia, Australia Lat. -16.73; Long: 126.08; Diam. (km): 13 Age (My): 570 +/- *Steen River* Alberta, Canada Lat. 59.52; Long: -117.62 Diam. (km): 25; Age (My): 95 +/- 7 *Wilson, J.; Langenberg, Willem; Jeffries, Lynn; Grieve, Richard; Berkes, Zoltan*; The Steen River structure, northwestern Alberta, in: Drury, Malcolm J. (editor), Scientific drilling; sedimentary basins; proceedings of a workshop, Carleton University, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Ottawa, ON, Canada, Canadian Continental Drilling Program Report, , p. 23-24, 1989 *Carrigy, Maurice A.*; Evidence of shock metamorphism in rocks from the Steen River structure, Alberta, in: Shock metamorphism of natural materials, 1st Conference, Greenbelt, Md., 1966, Proceedings, p. 367-374, 1968 *Steinheim *Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany Lat. 48.67; Long: 10.07; Diam. (km): 3.8 Age (My): 14.8 +/- 0.7 *Bahrig, B.; Mensink, H.; Mergelsberg, W.*; Das Steinheimer Becken (Sueddeutschland); Erlaeuterungen zu einer geologischen Karte 1:10 000 (The Steinheim Basin, southern Germany; explanatory text for a geologic map), Institut fuer Geologie der Ruhr-Universitt Bochum, Bochum, Federal Republic of Germany, Bochumer Geologische und Geotechnicshe Arbeiten, v. 21, p. 1-31, 1986 *Reiff, W.*; The Steinheim Basin; an impact structure in: Roddy, D. J.; Pepin, R. O.; Merrill, R. B. (editors), Impact and explosion cratering; planetary and terrestrial implications; Proceedings of the Symposium on planetary cratering mechanics, Pergamon Press, p. 309-320 *Strangways* Northern Territory, Australia Lat. -15.20; Long: 133.58; Diam. (km): 25; Age (My): 470 +/- *Guppy, D. J.; Brett, Robin; Milton, D. J.* ; Liverpool and Strangways craters, Northern Territory; two structures of probable impact origin; Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76n. 23, p. 5387-5393; 1971 *Sudbury* Ontario, Canada Lat. 46.60; Long: -81.18; Diam. (km): 200; Age (My): 1850 +/- 3 *Dietz, R. S.*, 1964; Sudbury structure as an astrobleme, Journal of Geology, v. 72, p. 412-434. *Tabun-Khara-Obo *Mongolia Lat. 44.10; Long: 109.60; Diam. (km): 1.3 Age (My): 3 +/- *Mashchak, M. S.*; Osnovnyye cherty geologii nekotorykh astroblem zarubezhnykh stran; Kaynozoyskiye astroblemy i kratery; Krater Tabun-Khara-Obo (The principal features of the geology of some astroblemes in foreign countries; Cenozoic astroblemes and craters; the Tabun-Khara-Obo Crater) in: Masaytis, V. L.; Danilin, A. N.; Mashchak, M. S.; Raykhlin, A. I.; Selivanovskaya, T. V.; Shadenkov, Ye. M., Geologiya astroblem (The geology of astroblemes) Izdatel'stvo Nedra, Leningrad, USSR p. 185-186, 1980 *Takamatsu* Miura, Yasunori ; Complex formation of Takamatsu Crater by impact, in: Antarctic meteorites XXI; papers presented to the Twenty-first symposium on Antarctic meteorites, National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan; Papers Presented to the ... Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites, v. 21, p. 111-114, 1996 *Talemzane* Algeria Lat. 33.32; Long: 4.03; Diam. (km): 1.75 Age (My): 3 +/- McHone, John F.; Greeley, Ronald ; Talemzane; Algerian impact crater detected on SIR-A orbital imaging radar; Meteoritics, v. 22n. 3, p. 253-264, 1987 *Teague* Western Australia, Australia Lat. -25.87; Long: 120.88; Diam. (km): 30 Age (My): 1685 +/- 5 *Butler, Hadyn *; The Lake Teague ring structure, Western Australia: an astrobleme?; Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science (ANZAAS), Sydney, N.S.W., Australia; Search (Sydney), v. 5n. 10, p. 536; 1974 *Tenoumer* Mauritania Lat. 22.92; Long: -10.40; Diam. (km): 1.9; Age (My): 2.5 +/- 0.5 Fudali, R. F. ; Genesis of the Melt Rocks at Tenoumer Crater, Mauritania; Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 79n. 14, p. 2115-2121; 1974 *Ternovka *Ukraine Lat. 48.02; Long: 33.08; Diam. (km): 12; Age (My): 280 +/- 10 *Bal'ter, A. A.*; Udarnyye deformatsii tal'ka (Ternovskaya astroblema, Krivoy Rog, Ukraina) (Shock deformation of talc; Ternovka Astrobleme, Krivoy Rog, Ukraine), Akademiya Nauk Ukrainy, Kiev, Ukraine, Mineralogicheskiy Zhurnal, v. 14n. 6, p. 75-87, 1992 *Mashchak, M. S.; Orlova, Zh. V.*; Perekristallizovannyy diaplektovyy kvarts iz Ternovskoy astroblemy (Recrystallized diaplectic quartz from the Ternovka Astrobleme), Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, USSR, Meteoritika, v. 44, p. 164-167, 1985 *Val'ter, A. A.; Ryabenko, V. A.*; Ternovskaya astroblema; Krivoy Rog (Ternovskaya Astrobleme; Krivoy Rog) in Ryabenko, V. A. (editor), Geologiya i petrologiya vzryvnykh meteoritnykh kraterov (The geology and petrology of meteorite craters) Izd. Nauk. Dumka, Kiev, USSR, p. 193-202 *Tin Bider *Algeria Lat. 27.60; Long: 5.12; Diam. (km): 6; Age (My): 70 +/- *Toms Canyon *Offshore New Jersey, USA *Poag, C. Wylie; Poppe, Lawrence J.* ; The Toms Canyon structure, New Jersey outer continental shelf; a possible late Eocene impact crater; Marine Geology, v. 145n. 1-2, p. 23-60; 1998 *Tookoonooka *Queensland, Australia Lat. -27.00; Long: 143.00; Diam. (km): 55; Age (My): 128 +/- 5 *Gostin, V. A.; Therriault, A. M*; Tookoonooka, a large buried Early Cretaceous impact structure in the Eromanga Basin of southwestern Queensland, Australia, Meteoritics & Planetary Science, v. 32n. 4, p. 593-599, 1997 *Tunguska *Russia Diam. (km): air burst - no crater; Age (My): 0 Chaikin, Andrew ; TARGET; Tunguska; Sky and Telescope, v. 67n. 1, p. 18-21, 1984 *Tvaren* Sweden Lat. 58.77; Long: 17.42; Diam. (km): 2; Age (My): 450 +/- *Lindstrom, M.; Floden, T.; Grahn, T.; Kathol, B. *; Post-impact deposits in Tvaren, a marine Middle Ordovician crater south of Stockholm, Sweden; Geological Magazine, v. 131n. 1, p. 91-103, 1994 *Upheaval Dome* Utah, USA Lat. 38.43; Long: -109.90 Diam. (km): 5; Age (My): 65 +/- *Jackson, M. P. A.; Schultz-Ela, D. D.; Hudec, M. R.; Watson, I. A.; Porter, M. L.*; Structure and evolution of Upheaval Dome; a pinched-off salt diapir, Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110n. 12, p. 1547-1573, 1998 *Shoemaker, Eugene M.; Herkenhoff, K. E.*; Impact origin of Upheaval Dome, Utah in: Holt, Henry E. (compiler), Reports of Planetary Geology Program; 1983, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),Technical Memorandum, v. 86246, p. 93, 1984 *Ust-Kara *Russia Lat. 69.30; Long: 65.30; Diam. (km): 25; Age (My): 73 +/- 3 Koeberl, Christian; Sharpton, Virgil L.; Harrison, T. Mark; Sandwell, David; Murali, A. V.; Burke, Kevin ; The Kara/Ust-Kara twin impact structure; a large-scale impact event in the Late Cretaceous in: Sharpton, Virgil L.; Ward, Peter D. (editors); Global catastrophes in Earth history; an interdisciplinary conference on impacts, volcanism, and mass mortality, Geological Society of America Special Paper 247, p. 233-238, 1990 Koeberl, Christian; Sharpton, Virgil L.; Murali, A. V.; Burke, Kevin ; Kara and Ust-Kara impact structures (USSR) and their relevance to the K/T boundary event; Geology (Boulder), v. 18n. 1, p. 50-53, 1990 *Vargeao Dome *Argentina Lat. -26.83; Long: -52.12; Diam. (km): 12; Age (My): 70 +/- *Veevers *Western Australia, Australia Lat. -22.97; Long: 125.37; Diam. (km): 0.08; Age (My): 1 +/- *Yeates, A. N.; Crowe, R. W. A.; Towner, R. R.* ; The Veevers Crater; a possible meteoritic feature; Australian Geological Survey Organization, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia; BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, v. 1n. 1, p 77-78; 1976 *Vepriaj *Lithuania Lat. 55.10; Long: 24.60; Diam. (km): 8; Age (My): 160 +/- 30 *Butkovskiy, Yu. M.; Buchanova, S. V.; Kozhemyakina, I. A.*; Vepryayskaya astroblema (Vepryay Astrobleme), Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriya Geologicheskaya, v. 1983 n. 6, p. 120-125, 1983 *Masaytis, V. L.*; Geologiya astroblem SSSR; Mezozoyskiye astroblemy; Vyapryayskaya astroblema (The geology of astroblemes in the USSR; Mesozoic astroblemes; the Vyapryayskaya Astrobleme) in: Masaytis, V. L.; Danilin, A. N.; Mashchak, M. S.; Raykhlin, A. I.; Selivanovskaya, T. V.; Shadenkov, Ye. M. (editors), Geologiya astroblem (The geology of astroblemes), Izdatel'stvo Nedra, Leningrad, USSR, p. 69-72, 1980 *Vredefort *South Africa Lat. -27.00; Long: 27.50; Diam. (km): 140; Age (My): 1970 +/- 100 *R. A. Daly, *1947; The Vredefort ring-structure of South Africa, Journal of Geology, v. 55, p. 125-145. *R. S. Dietz, 1961;* Vredefort Ring Structure: meteorite impact scar? Journal of Geology, v. 69, p. 499-516. *Gay, N. C.* ; Spherules on shatter cone surfaces from the Vredefort Structure, southern, Africa; Science, v. 194n. 4266, p. 724-725; 1976 *Wabar* Saudi Arabia Lat. 21.50; Long: 50.47; Diam. (km):0.097 Age (My): 0.01 +/- *E. C. T. Chao, J. J. Fahey, and J. Littler, 1961*; Coesite from Wabar Crater near Al-Hadida, Saudi Arabia, /Science/, v. 133, p. 882-883 *Jeffrey C. Winn and E. M. Shoemaher*, 1998; The day the sands caught fire, Scientific American, v. 279, no. 5, p. 65-71. *Wanapitei Lake *Ontario, Canada Lat. 46.75; Long: -80.75; Diam. (km): 7.5; Age (My): 37 +/- 2 *Dence, M. R.; Robertson, P. B.; Wirthlin, R. L.* ; Coesite from the Lake Wanapitei Crater, Ontario; Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 22n. 2, p. 118-122; 1974 *Wells Creek *Tennessee, USA Lat. 36.38; Long: -87.67 Diam. (km): 14; Age (My): 200 +/- 100 *Stearns, Richard G.; Wilson, Charles W., Jr.; Tiedemann, Herbert A.; Wilcox, John T.; Marsh, Phyllis S.*; The Wells Creek structure, Tennessee, in: French, Bevan; Short, Nicholas M. (editors); Shock metamorphism of natural materials; p. 323-337; 1968 *West Hawk Lake *Manitoba, Canada Lat. 49.77; Long: -95.18; Diam. (km): 3.15; Age (My): 100 +/- 50 *Short, N. M.*, 1970; Anatomy of a meteor impact crater, West Hawk Lake, Manitoba, Canada, GSAB v. 81, p. 609-648. *Wolf Creek *Western Australia, Australia Lat. -19.30; Long: 127.77; Diam. (km):0.875; Age (My): 0.3 +/- *Fudali, R. F. *; Wolf Creek Crater revisited; Journal of Geology, v. 95n. 1, p. 134-135, 1987 *McCall, Gerald; Joseph Home*; Possible meteorite craters; Wolf Creek, Australia and analogs, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 123, p. 970-998, 1965 *Zapadnaya *Ukraine Lat. 49.73; Long: 29.00; Diam. (km): 4; Age (My): 115 +/- 10 *Zeleny Gai *Ukraine Lat. 48.70; Long: 32.90; Diam. (km): 2.5; Age (My): 120 +/- 20 *Val'ter, A. A.; Bryanskiy, V. P.; Ryabenko, V. A.; Lazarenko, Ye. Ye.*; Explosive (meteoritic) origin of the Zelenyy Gay structure on the Ukrainian Shield, Transactions (Doklady) of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences: Earth Science Sections, v. 229n. 1-6, p. 34-36, 1976 *Zhamanshin* Kazakhstan Lat. 48.40; Long: 60.97; Diam. (km): 13.5; Age (My): 0.9 +/- 0.1 *Izokh, E. P.*; Zhamanshin impact crater and tektite problem.; Soviet geology and geophysics., Volume 32, Number 4, p.1-10 1991 *Glazovskaya, L. I.; Golubkov, V. V.* ; Tektites and impact glasses of the Zhamanshin Crater; structure peculiarities in connection with genesis problems, in: Third international conference on Natural glasses; Chemie der Erde, v. 56 n. 4, p. 477-480, 1996 *Garvin, J. B.; Schnetzler, C. C. *; The Zhamanshin impact feature; a new class of complex crater? in: Dressler, B. O.; Grieve, R. A. F.; Sharpton, V. L. (editors); Large meteorite impacts and planetary evolution, Geological Society of America Special Paper 293, p. 249-257, 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ View List of Impact Sites References for sites A-G References for sites H-P ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Access Other Pages on Planets Access Course Notes on Planetary Geology <../plangeol.htm> Return to Professor Dutch's Home Page <../index.htm> /Created 14 April 1999, Last Update 14 April 1999/ Not an official UW Green Bay site