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*Prof. Ramirez*
*Chicano Literature*
*Spring 2005*
*Arthur Anderson, Charles E. Dibble. Eds. Florentine Codex. Fray
Bernardino de Sahagun*
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*Chapter 1*
Discussion of eight omens that signal the arrival of the Spanish. These
omens take place about 10 years before the arrival of Cortes in 1519.
Flame shooting up to the heavens
Burning of temple of Huitzilopochtli
Lightning strikes temple of Xiuhtecutli
Comet in three lines
Rising of the water of the lake
Crying Woman
Brown Crane with mirror on its head (an instrument for divining)

*Chapter 2*
Stewards of Mexican cities believe they see Quetzalcoatl
They inform the Spanish that the ruler of Mexico is Moctezuma
Moctezuma forbids the stewards to mention this encounter

*Chapter 3*
Belief in the arrival of Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl from the East (the
Atlantic)
Moctezuma sends emissaries to meet the arrival of this god.

*Chapter 4*
Prophecy of the return of Quetzalcoatl "It is said that our lord hath at
last come to land. Meet him. Listen well; use your ears well. What he
will say you will bring well in your ears. . ."(11).
Gifts including the two different arrays for Quetzalcoatl,
the array of Tezcatlipoca
adornment of the Lord of Tlalocan

Gifts made of turquoise, feathers, shells, gold

*Chapter 5*
Eating of the earth ritual as sign of respect to Captain Cortes.
The Indians dress cortes in the mask, jacket, etc.
Then Cortes orders for the messengers to be put in irons
Account of the lombard gun firing
Indians are asked to fight the Spanish to demonstrate their bravery
Chapter 6
Moctezuma's messengers return home to Moctezuma with an account of their
journey
Moctezuma appears in torment
Moctezuma orders the sacrifice of captives and the blood of his captives
to be shed on the messengers

*Chapter 7*
Indians describe the steel armor as iron.
They take notice of the white skin of the Spanish, and their hair which
is both yellow and black.
The Indians also notice the black hair of an African, presumably a
slave, who is with the Spanish

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Images of Quetzalcoatl and Huitzilopochtli
http://instructional1.calstatela.edu/bevans/Art454L-01-MapsDocsEtc/WebPage-Full.00014.html