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Handel, P. H., and J. Leitner, Development of the maser-caviton ball
lightning theory, /J. Geophys. Res.,/ *99,* 10689-10691, 1994.
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    Abstract

The maser-caviton ball lightning theory is briefly described, is
compared with the available observations of ball lightning, and is
further developed on the basis of the rate equations governing the
evolution of the photon number in a single-mode maser. The focus of this
paper is on the explosive growth of the photon number at the premature
demise of a large atmospheric maser. Ball lightning is a localized
high-field soliton forming a cavity surrounded by plasma in this theory.
The source of VHF energy is a large atmospheric maser occupying a volume
of several cubic miles for the case of open air ball lightning, and
occupying the volume of the room in electrically shielded confined ball
lightning cases. The main, well-known features of ball lightning,
including its appearance right after a strong electric field pulse
usually caused by lightning, its passage through closed windows and
other dielectrics, its always harmless existence in electrically
shielded (e.g., metallic) enclosures, without the possibility of
electrostatic-explosive demise, its total absence in the vicinity of
high peaks or lightning observation stations, as well as the resonant
character of its positioning and motion with respect to conducting
bodies, and its apparent lack of buoyancy in the air can all be
explained consistently only with the help of this theory as far as we
can see. The explosive demise of open air ball lightning is described
here in terms of maser spiking phenomena with the help of elementary
equations.