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anthopologist (they all write revealing books as they near retirement,
cause no-body can get to them and their career) called "America: The New
World or Old?" - which the CPL does not have (and their on-line extended
search takes forever) -- there is the supposition that there were 4 tribes
in N america, which at the onset of the last ice-age moved south -- that
would be from Canada to the US. They are the Algonquin, the Sioux, the
Salish, and a tribe of obnoxious bearded "white men".

The first three tribes moved to the regions we find them in (the Salish
moved to the NW coast), and these constitute the basic division into the 3
broad languages groups among the 350 languages of the american indians
north of the SW and Gulf coast. But the Whites moved East accross the
Atlantic, in around 42,000 BC.

I had one of these forehead-slapping sessions, for it solves the
outstanding problem of the European late Paleolithic: the fact that
suddenly ca 50,000 BC the West of Europe is occupied by Cro-Magnon (at a
time when Neanderthals thrived), and the assumption has always been that
the Cro-Magnon came from the East.

But they have left no trace in the East, that is, in Eastern Europe,
Balkans, etc. Normally people only move to the next valley, live there a
few hundred years, and then move on. But there are no early traces of
Cro-Magnon in the East.

They eventually appear in the middle east (at about 30,000 BC) supplanting
Neanderthals, although Neanderthals contiunue to be found here up to about
10,000 BC.

In the West, however, the Neanderthal population disappears almost
immeadiately with the arrival of Cro-Magnon.

How can you sleep on a boat, Claudia asks, after I explain that Muller
also looked ancient canoes and found them seaworthy. Well, you put a deck
across two canoes, and then you have a raft. My thinking has been that
seafaring was much easier in earlier times, with little wind, few waves,
and only the current to carry you. From labrador or New England, you reach
the area of Skandinavia to France in less than a month, if you care to
paddle also.

The problem has been that American Whites have always thought of Indians
as incapable of boats, desite the fact that eskimos and the NW Indians
made their living _entirely_ from the sea, and would hunt and bring back
wales. An Eskimo kayak can upturned and uprighted without shipping water.
But the boats of the NW Indians were big. And look at the war ships of the
Maori. Or the decked outriggers with which the Polynesians which would
travel 800 miles by sea to vist an aunt for her birthday.

oh well. I really think it is funny that we (us Cro-Magnon) are remembered
50,000 years later as being "mean-spirited". We still are. And we are also
Native Americans. We just re-invaded.

Gave Claudia some basics of Glaciers and glaciation - acknowledging we
know next to nothing about causes. And were icebergs come from. And - the
north pole is water - and the south pole is land - and 90 percent of fresh
water in at the so pole - and 10 percent in Greenland, and the other
unrounded fractional percentage is in our lakes and rivers

And the whole fictional "alaskan land bridge" theory, and the objections.
And the politics behind the White Man's stand on Indian origins.

/j