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Agassiz believed that the ice ages fanned out from the North and
South Pole and engulfed the globe. This raised a troublesome
problem. If the overall temperature of the Earth had suddenly
dropped then how could the tropical animals have survived to the
present day? Agassiz could not answer this question with logic so
he made a fatal error. He adopted the idea of 'special creation'
which is the notion that after each catastrophic ice age, God
intervened in the process of evolution by repopulating the world
with fresh tropical animals. By accepting the idea of 'special
creation' Agassiz violated the prized principle of invariance.

Science simply would not have it.

And science was right.

As time went on Agassiz's theory of sudden ice ages followed by
special creations was replaced by Lyell's slow, gradual ice ages
which simply ignored the problem of tropical animals. This proved
to be the better tactic and as a result Agassiz's catastrophic
theory was absorbed into uniformitarian geology.

The problem of tropical animals is one that is still with us. And
there is the equally troublesome problem of evaporation. In order
to have snowfall you must first have moisture in the air and this
in turn is dependent upon evaporation in the tropics. If the
overall temperature of the earth falls with each ice age then the
tropics also should be cooler. But if the tropics are cooler then
this means there is less evaporation and less evaporation
ultimately means less snowfall. The creation of ice sheets requires
substantial evaporation in the tropics. So what we really need is a
theory that can provide evaporation in the tropics at the same time
as snow is accumulating as ice sheets. A mantle displacement can
explain these problems by replacing the simple presupposition of
stable latitudes with the notion of variable latitudes. By treating
the climatic zones (polar, temperate, tropical) as constants and
the earth's mantle as the variable, the issue of the survival of
tropical animals and the problem of evaporation in the tropics,
during so-called ice ages, is resolved.    [1]NEXT

References

1. file://localhost/www/sat/files/stws9.htm