mirrored file at http://SaturnianCosmology.Org/ For complete access to all the files of this collection see http://SaturnianCosmology.org/search.php ========================================================== These data show the temperature history of the past 30,000 years as the ice "remembers" them at GRIP in the center of the Greenland ice sheet, at Dye-3 in the Southern part of the ice sheet and at Law Dome near the Antarctic coast (here the "memory" only goes back 5,000 years). Ice and snow has a large heat capacity and a poor heat conductivity. It is therefore possible to reconstruct past temperatures from present day temperature measurements in bore holes after ice core drilling. The thermometer has to be very accurate since a precission of 0.01 degree is needed. Details about the temperature history are lost as we go back in time. The curves become more and more average curves. The abrupt and violent climate changes at the time of the termination of the last ice age between 13000 and 9000 years BC (15000 and 11000 years BP) are thus completely erased. This is due to thermal diffusion, i.e. the smoothing of temperature differences over time. The only thing the Greenland ice sheet "remembers" from the time 30,000 years BC to 8000 years BC is thus only how cold it was during the last part of the last ice age. The ice at Law Dome has completely "forgotten" the temperatures of the last ice age. In Greenland: The warmth of the climatic optimum during the European stone age 5000 years ago is clearly seen, just as the cool period during the Roman age and the relative warmth of the Viking age (where the Norsemen settled in Iceland and Greenland) and the two cold periods of the "little ice age" at 1600 AD and 1875 AD. The warming in Greenland in the 20th century only lasts until 1950 AD. After that it has become colder. In Antarctica: Compared to the Greenland curves, Antarctica has a tendency to "warm up" as Greenland is "cold" and to "cool off" when Greenland is "warm". At both poles an average cooling tendency in the last 5-6 thousand years can be seen. The data: Years BC are marked with "-". Temperatures are in degrees C. References: Greenland data: D.Dahl-Jensen et al, SCIENCE 282, 1998, p. 268-271 Law Dome data: D.Dahl-Jensen et al. Annals of Glaciology 29, 1999, p 145-150 ---------- DATA: Year AD/BC Temp. GRIP Year AD/BC Temp Dye-3 Year AD/BC Temp Law Dome -30337 -56.88 -32484 -31.46 -6742 -20.72 -28511 -57.75 -27616 -31.61 -5502 -20.40 -26787 -57.45 -23434 -31.45 -4438 -20.54 -25159 -57.32 -19842 -31.19 -3524 -20.51 -23622 -55.91 -16757 -30.57 -2738 -20.95 -22171 -55.04 -14107 -30.23 -2064 -20.99 -20801 -54.47 -11830 -29.71 -1484 -19.70 -19508 -53.14 -9875 -28.43 -986 -19.28 -18287 -52.04 -8195 -25.73 -559 -19.49 -17134 -49.68 -6753 -23.40 -192 -19.79 -16045 -48.43 -5513 -21.00 124 -20.09 -15018 -47.32 -4449 -18.69 395 -20.84 -14048 -45.94 -3535 -17.25 628 -21.41 -13132 -45.21 -2749 -16.61 827 -21.65 -12267 -43.17 -2075 -16.55 999 -21.99 -11450 -41.27 -1495 -17.18 1147 -22.19 -10680 -39.95 -997 -18.14 1273 -22.25 -9952 -38.59 -570 -19.21 1382 -22.02 -9265 -36.86 -203 -19.96 1476 -21.82 -8616 -34.85 113 -19.97 1556 -21.74 -8004 -34.26 384 -19.50 1625 -21.63 -7426 -33.15 617 -18.92 1684 -22.01 -6880 -31.73 816 -18.56 1735 -22.28 -6364 -30.19 988 -18.54 1779 -22.24 -5878 -29.55 1136 -18.99 1816 -22.05 -5418 -29.33 1262 -19.71 1849 -22.36 -4985 -29.30 1371 -20.36 1876 -21.87 -4575 -29.27 1465 -20.78 1900 -22.21 -4189 -29.28 1545 -20.82 1921 -21.95 -3824 -29.28 1614 -20.52 1938 -21.97 -3479 -29.26 1673 -20.09 1953 -22.08 -3154 -29.24 1724 -19.75 1966 -21.97 -2847 -29.25 1768 -19.78 1977 -21.65 -2557 -29.34 1805 -20.29 1987 -21.66 -2283 -29.59 1838 -21.12 1995 -21.20 -2024 -29.83 1865 -21.61 -1780 -30.07 1889 -21.40 -1550 -30.31 1910 -20.72 -1332 -30.66 1927 -20.02 -1127 -30.96 1942 -19.27 -933 -31.19 1955 -18.50 -750 -31.38 1966 -18.41 -577 -31.57 1976 -18.94 -414 -31.75 1984 -20.10 -260 -31.82 -114 -31.94 23 -31.90 153 -31.67 275 -31.34 390 -31.19 500 -31.10 603 -30.92 700 -30.77 792 -30.67 878 -30.57 960 -30.63 1037 -30.78 1110 -31.08 1179 -31.29 1244 -31.48 1306 -31.64 1364 -31.91 1418 -32.08 1470 -32.13 1519 -32.16 1565 -32.26 1608 -32.23 1649 -32.01 1688 -31.78 1725 -31.70 1759 -31.78 1792 -31.91 1823 -32.10 1852 -32.31 1879 -32.34 1905 -32.13 1930 -31.84 1953 -31.48 1974 -31.66 1995 -31.70