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  Journal of Biogeography


*Edited by:*

Robert J. Whittaker

*Print ISSN:* 0305-0270
*Online ISSN:* 1365-2699
*Frequency:* Monthly
*Current Volume:* 32
*ISI Journal Citation ReportsŪ Ranking:* 2003: 4/31 (Geography,
Physical); 30/105 (Ecology)
*Impact Factor:* 2.097

Cover

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Table of Contents <toc.asp?ref=0305-0270&site=1> > Issue
<issue.asp?ref=0305-0270&vid=30&iid=10&site=1> > Abstract


    Volume 30: Issue 10

*The trans-Pacific zipper effect: disjunct sister taxa and matching
geological outlines that link the Pacific margins*

Dennis McCarthy

 

 


    Abstract


          Aim

To combine analyses of trans-Pacific sister taxa with geological
evidence in order to test the hypothesis of the existence of a
Panthalassa superocean.


          Location

The study is concerned with taxa, both fossil and extant, from East
Asia, Australia, New Zealand, South America and North America.


          Methods

Phylogenetic and distributional analyses of trans-Pacific biota were
integrated with geological evidence from the Pacific and circum-Pacific
regions.


          Results

A series of recent biogeographical analyses delineates a zipper-like
system of sister areas running up both margins of the Pacific, with each
section of western North and South America corresponding to a particular
section from East Asia/Australia/New Zealand. These sister areas
coincide neatly with a jigsaw-like fit provided by the matching Mesozoic
coastlines that bracket the Pacific.


          Main conclusions

The young age (<200 Myr) of oceanic crust, the matching Mesozoic
circum-Pacific outlines, and a corresponding system of interlocking
biogeographical sister areas provide three independent avenues of
support for a closed Pacific in the Upper Triassic?Lower Jurassic. The
hypothesis of the existence and subsequent subduction of the pre-Pacific
superocean Panthalassa is not only unnecessary, it conflicts with this
evidence. Panthalassa-based paleomaps necessitate the invention of
dozens of additional hypotheses of species-dependent, trans-oceanic
dispersal events, often involving narrow-range taxa of notoriously
limited vagility, in order to explain repeated examples of the same
biogeographical pattern. Removing the vanished-superocean hypothesis
reunites both the matching geological outlines and all the disjunct
sister taxa. In brief, what appears to be a multi-era tangle of
convoluted, trans-oceanic distributions on Panthalassa-based paleomaps
is actually a relatively simple biogeographical pattern that is
explainable by a single vicariant event: the opening and expansion of
the Pacific.

* Article Type: Original Article
Page range: 1545 - 1561
*

   

 
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